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Contents page
Mar 15-31, 1993

Cover Story

The finance minister's targets for restructuring -- lower fiscal deficit, stronger economic recovery and higher exports -- form the core of his latest budget.

News

The department of science and technology has initiated public debate on ways to stimulate the country's stagnating research and development activity.

Allegations by Bihar minister Sonadhari Singh of illegal mining in Chotanagpur has stirred up a hornets' nest.

Villagers assert a dam project to provide drinking water to Udaipur city would displace about 12,000 people, and they will oppose it firmly.

Scientists fear the Mexican beetle, introduced to counter the adverse effects of a weed, may destroy the sunflower crop.

The total preservation policy has alienated people living in and around national parks and caused much harm to the forests. Experts say effective conservation will not be possible unless this policy is reversed.

Interview

KRISHNA B Ghimire, who is a project coordinator with the UN Research Institute for Social Development in Geneva, has done extensive research on environment and sustainable devel...

Science & Technology

New evidence has emerged for the existence of dark matter -- an invisible constituent of the universe that is believed to play a key role in the formation of galaxies.

Analysis

Natural disasters are trying times for people and a test of government ability and determination to handle crises. In the Philippines, the explosions of the Pinatubo and Mayon volcanoes exposed how ill-conceived efforts can cause more harm than good.

Kumarappa was a close associate of Gandhiji and a firm believer in the theory the village must be made the focus of economic planning. Aware of the dangers of unchecked industrialisation, Kumarappa advocated that human beings should collaborate with nature to meet their needs.

Feature

Through the centuries, human beings have tried to establish their dominance over animals, killing them for both food and sport. Even today, animals continue to be exploited in the name of scientific research.

The Fortnight

Among steps recommended to save the marine environment of the Bay of Bengal region is involving local people in coastal development planning.

Even as the Clinton administration seeks to phase in a tax on gas, oil, coal and nuclear energy, oil companies complain the levy will damage economic recovery and endanger jobs.

Industrialists in the Himalayan kingdom of Nepal deny they are to blame for the degradation of their environment and blame it instead on the government's shortsightedness.

Proalcohol, the world's biggest project on alternative fuels to run cars is in danger of being wound up.

Leader

FINANCE Minister Manmohan Singh has presented a budget that seeks to push the economy from stabilisation to growth, through structural adjustments. In order to give a boost to exporters, he has moved from partial to full convertibility and reduced customs duties on imports. To ensure there is no resulting threat to domestic manufacturers, Singh has simultaneously reduced excise duties on domestic goods so as to stimulate demand. These measures will give a fillip to middle-class consumerism while simultaneously forcing Indian companies to compete with their foreign counterparts.

ONE OF the most remarkable and exciting developments in physics has been the interaction between particle physics and cosmology. Remarkable, because it combines the study of the very small, namely, particle physics, with the study of the very large, namely, cosmology. Exciting, because each is contributing immensely towards answering fundamental questions in the other.

Crosscurrent

There is a green tinge to Manmohan Singh's proposals, but he has failed to counter fallouts from liberalisation, such as waste from the food-processing industry.

Respecting the territorial rights of crocodiles will help reduce the chances of conflict between the interests of humans and reptiles.

Germany's environmental laws are slowly ushering in a culture of waste reduction, especially in packaging material.

Review

THE TITLE of this book is somewhat misleading for what it does is to examine in depth the interaction of social disciplines with forestry in its entirety. Agro-forestry, as the term is used here, embraces all related disciplines, such as farm forestry, wasteland development, reclamation of degraded lands and management of community forests.

THAT SCIENCE and technology (in the broadest sense) have something to do with development is accepted now almost universally. From the discovery of iron to the harnessing of steam, technology has played a major role in determining the level of economic development of any era. This is as true today in the time of ceramic superconductors, as it was in the ancient times of Painted Grey Ware.

IN DAYS long gone, the bearer of bad tidings was usually put to death unceremoniously. In today's more civilised times, we in the Third World prefer to vilify such messengers as biased agents of neo-imperialists, who never hesitate to point out the mote in our eyes while remaining blissfully oblivious to the beam in their own.

It is perhaps a comment on how strident documentary film-making has become that one is puzzled by a film on a newsy, controversial subject that fails to make a point.

Students of Hyderabad University's department of communication have tried to highlight the effect industrialisation can have on the quality of life in their film, Companee Lochayee, Gaddu Rojulu Thechayee (With the Coming of Industries, Hard Days Have Come). As the film is part of their diploma requirement, it should not be judged by the standards of established video film-makers. The film is a first for both Umrao Sunil, who scripted, edited and produced it, and for his camera team.

Grassroots

A surgical technique developed by an ayurvedic team has drastically curtailed incidence of dracontiasis, a disease caused by guinea worms, in southern Rajasthan. So successful is the technique, the team's leaders were invited to Africa last year to teach it to the doctors there.

Urban waste will cease to be a problem if it is treated as a resource rather than refuse from consumption, which requires disposal.

Letters

Legal framework

I have the following points to make concerning the Green Budget article (Down To Earth, February 15, 1993).

Apart from tax or fiscal incentive, a clear regulatory legal framework is essential for industry and trade. As we do not have a truly competitive market situation, one should not rely too much on pricing to promote efficient use of such inputs as water and energy.

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