Earth is experiencing one of the largest climate changes in history. Over the coming century world’s climate will change 10 times faster than any time since the extinction of dinosaurs some 65 million years ago. If the trend continues at its current break-neck speed, the hottest summer of the last 20 years would be the average by the end of this century. This would put terrestrial ecosystems under significant stress. Many plant and animal species in a wide range of terrestrial ecosystems would have to either rapidly adapt to changing conditions in their environment or migrate quickly toward the North and South poles in order to survive. Science, August 2