The Mahua tree (Madhuca longifolia) is a cornerstone of life in the forests of Central India, particularly for tribal communities. This medium-sized deciduous tree, reaching heights of 16-20 metres, is at its most beautiful between March and April when its flowers bloom in full, with fruit ripening from June to August.
For tribal people, the Mahua is more than just a tree; it's a vital source of sustenance and income. The creamy-white flowers, which fall before dawn in March and April, are diligently collected. These flowers are not only eaten raw or sun-dried as a nutritious food source but are also famously fermented to produce a strong, local brew. This serves as a major source of livelihood for many families.
Beyond its economic and nutritional value, Mahua plays a crucial role in the local ecosystem. Its dull-coloured, strong-smelling flowers, which bloom at night and hang openly, are a major attractant for bats, essential for pollination and seed dispersal. Even animals like sloth bears are keen competitors with humans when it comes to gathering these prized flowers and leaves.