Ensuring the performance, safety and scalability of non-plastic alternatives remains essential for their widespread adoption and successful integration into consumer markets and industrial applications
A jute handbag. iStock photo for representation Non-plastic substitutes encompass a diverse array of materials and solutions intended to replace conventional plastics across various applications. These substitutes utilise renewable, biodegradable and environmentally friendly materials that offer functionalities similar to plastics but with reduced ecological consequences.
Non-plastic substitutes include renewable materials like plant fibres, cellulose, starches and agricultural byproducts which can be sustainably sourced and may biodegrade more readily than conventional plastics. Biodegradable alternatives such as paper, cardboard, bamboo and bagasse are part of this category, breaking down naturally in the environment and minimising waste persistence. Natural fibres like hemp and jute are used to create durable products, while composites combining natural fibres with bio-based resins offer lightweight and sustainable alternatives. Additionally, glass and metal packaging, including recyclable containers and jars, make minimal environmental impact compared to single-use plastics. Silicone and rubber are employed as substitutes for certain applications due to their durability, flexibility and non-toxic properties.
In negotiations to combat plastic pollution, promoting and adopting non-plastic substitutes emerge as pivotal strategies to reduce reliance on conventional plastics and transition towards more sustainable material choices. Encouraging the use of renewable and biodegradable alternatives supports efforts to mitigate plastic waste accumulation and environmental harm. By incentivising the adoption of non-plastic substitutes, stakeholders aim to foster innovation, resource efficiency and environmental stewardship in material selection and product design, paving the way towards a more sustainable future with reduced plastic pollution. However, ensuring the performance, safety and scalability of non-plastic alternatives remains essential for their widespread adoption and successful integration into consumer markets and industrial applications.
The European Union (EU) has stressed on the need to foster research and innovation, while Pacific Small Island Developing States (PSIDS) have encouraged Parties to use the best available science, including traditional and indigenous knowledge. PSIDS has also requested the establishment of a process for assessment of safety and sustainability of potential substitutes and their impact on human health and environment. The EU and Brazil both mentioned about the life cycle assessment.
While India agreed to nationally drive this provision with financial support and technology transfer, China and the United States have warned to excerise caution considering possible unintended consequences.
Russia has expressed that it is premature to impose obligations regarding alternative materials on member states and that the focus should be on plastic waste management systems instead.
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