Purna Chandra Padhan

Purna Chandra Padhan teaches at the Xavier Labour Relations Institute (XLRI) in Jamshedpur, Jharkhand, India

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Purna Chandra Padhan

India’s economic vulnerability to heat is acute because a large share of its workforce depends on outdoor, heat-exposed occupations, such as agriculture, construction, transport, sanitation, and street vending

Sweat for survival? How long can India’s informal labour bear the heat

Purna Chandra Padhan

18 Feb 2026

3 min read

Invisible employer

Invisible employer

Sushanta Kumar Mahapatra

16 Jan 2026

2 min read

A bore well.

Is groundwater India’s biggest invisible employer?

Sushanta Kumar Mahapatra

29 Dec 2025

3 min read

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